| Biomarker |
Disease / Medical condition |
Imaging Technique |
Investigators |
Comments |
Disease Category |
18 F-fluorodeoxy-glucose |
Pancreatic carcinoma |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
|
| 99mTc labeled monoclonal antibody |
Colorectal carcinoma |
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
Phase III clinical trial with HumaSPECT-Tc
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Abnormal lymphatic uptake of tracer |
Lymphatic extension of pelvic malignancy (gynecological oncology) |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Saini S
Weissleder R
|
MR Lymphangio-graphy using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide |
Oncology / Neoplasm Inflammatory |
| ACCD activation (anterior cingulate cortex division) |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
fMRI
PET |
Bush G
Fischman A
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Acinar cell receptor binding |
Pancreatic function |
MRI |
Brady TJ Shen TT Weissleder R |
Secretin monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Endocrine Metabolic Gastrointestinal |
| Acute bronchial dilatation Wall thickening |
Respiratory syncytial virus |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Altered vascular and tissue permeability |
Asphyxia |
CT |
Gonzalez RG
Grant E
|
|
Neurological |
| Anatomic disruption of arterial wall |
Aortic dissection |
US
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
Gonzalez R
Waltman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Anatomic disruption of arterial wall |
Carotid dissection |
US CT / CTA MRI / MRA Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Waltman A
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Anatomic disruption of arterial wall |
Intracranial arterial dissection |
CTA MRA Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Lev MH
Waltman A
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Aneurysmal wall thickness |
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA) |
CT |
Brady T
Saini S
Waltman A
|
|
Inflammatory Cardiology / Vascular |
| Angiogenesis |
Breast neoplasm |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Microbubble contrast agents
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Anterior cingulate size and thickness |
Alzheimer's disease |
MRI |
Hyman B |
Can distinguish normal from mild AD with 93% accuracy
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Anti-tumor antibody |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Apoptosis Caspase-1 Caspase-3 |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Apoptosis Phosphatidylserine |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Apparent diffusion constant (ADC) |
Stroke |
Diffusion weighted imaging fMRI MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D
Lo E
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Apparent diffusion constant (ADC) |
Neurodegenerative disorders |
fMRI MRI / diffusion weighted imaging |
Jenkins BG
Kennedy D
Rosas HD
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Arterial calcification |
Atherosclerosis / central |
CT |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Arterial calcification |
Arteriosclerosis / peripheral |
CT |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Arterial calcification |
Coronary artery disease |
CT |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Articular cartilage and subchondral bone thickness |
Cartilage abnormalities |
MRI |
Palmer WE |
MR using fat-suppressed SPGR images
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Articular cartilage thickness |
Arthritis / inflammatory |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Articular cartilage thickness |
Arthritis / rheumatoid |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Articular cartilage thickness |
Osteoarthritis |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Articular cartilage volume |
Joint injury / hip and knee |
Co-planar MRI |
Palmer WE
Rosenberg AE
Rosenthal DI
|
MR using fat-saturated 3D spoiled gradient-echo images (SPGR)
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Articular labrum fraying |
SLAP lesions of the shoulder |
MR arthrography |
Bencardino JT
Palmer WE
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Atherosclerotic plaque temperature |
Vulnerable plaque |
Thermography |
Brady T
Lev M
Waltman A
|
|
Neurological Cardiology/ Vascular Inflammatory |
Basal ganglia / putamen volume
|
Huntington's disease |
MRI |
Harris G |
|
Neurological |
| Bicep anchor avulsion |
SLAP lesions of the shoulder |
MR arthrography |
Bencardino JT
Palmer WE
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Biliary ductal dilatation |
Biliary obstruction |
US CT MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
|
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Biliary ductal dilatation |
Biliary parasitic disease |
US CT MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease |
| Biliary ductal dilatation |
Cholangitis |
MRI |
Prasad S
Sahani D
|
MR cholangio-pancreatography |
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory
|
| Biliary ductal dilatation |
Choledo-cholithiasis |
US CT MRI |
Hahn PF
O'Neill MJ
Mueller P
|
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Metabolic
|
| Blood oxygen level depletion |
Neurodegenerative disorders |
fMRI MRI / diffusion weighted imaging |
Jenkins BG
Kennedy D
Rosas HD
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
Blood oxygen level depletion (BOLD)
|
Dementia |
fMRI |
Rosen B |
|
Neurological |
| Blood-tumor barrier permeability (BTP) |
Glioma |
MRI fMRI |
Gonzalez RG
Kwong KK
Sorensen AG
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Body fat composition |
AIDS wasting syndrome |
CT |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Body fat composition |
Obesity |
Quantitative CT MRI US |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Gastrointestinal
|
| Bone fill score and penetration depth |
Bone fracture / healing and distraction osteogenesis wounds |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Animal study Bone healing assessed by increased fill and decreased penetration depth
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Bone mineral density |
Osteopenia |
Plain radiographs Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) CT
|
Rosenthal DI |
Must establish bone strength as well as density |
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal |
| Bone mineral density |
Osteoporosis |
Plain radiographs Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) CT
|
Rosenthal DI |
Must establish bone strength as well as density |
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal |
| Bowel wall differentiation |
Crohn's disease |
MR enteroclysis |
Hahn P |
Use of experimental oral contrast Kaolin, locus bean gum, methylcellulose + Barium
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory |
| Bowel wall thickening |
Inflammatory bowl disease (IBD)
|
MRI |
Hahn P |
Tissue FISP pulse sequence |
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory |
| Cartilage thickness |
Osteoarthritis |
Intra-articular Optical coherence topography
|
Palmer WE |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Cathepsin D |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Caudate lobe enlargement |
Cirrhosis |
MRI CT |
Hahn PF Sahani D |
Discrimination of alcohol from virus-induced cirrhosis
|
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| Cerebral blood flow |
Alzheimer's disease |
Perfusion weighted imaging / Arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R |
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Alzheimer's disease |
Optical |
Boas D Dunn A |
Combining of multi-wavelength and laser speckle contrast imaging
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF ) |
Brain function |
MRI fMRI PET |
Belliveau
Kwong K
Rosen BR
|
Response to stimuli |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Brain development |
Optical Imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A |
Diffuse optical imaging (DOI)
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability
|
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A |
Diffuse optical imagine (DOI) |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Dementia |
MRI / arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R |
|
Neurological |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Epilepsy |
MRI / arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R
Kwong KK |
|
Neurological |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Migraine |
Laser speckle contrast imaging Diffuse optical topography
|
Boas D
Bolay
Dunn A |
|
Neurological |
| Cerebral Blood flow (CBF) |
Stroke |
Optical imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A
Lo E
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Schizophrenia |
PET |
Alpert N
Fischman A
Heckers S
Rauch SL
Schaefer P
|
Regional activation during cognitive paradigms |
Neurological |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Parkinson’s disease |
MRI / Arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R |
|
Neurological |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Glioma |
MRI
fMRI |
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Migraine |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging fMRI |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Alzheimer's disease |
SPECT fMRI |
Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Stroke |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE
|
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Stroke / ischemic |
CAPTIVE MRI |
Bogdanov A
Jenkins B
Kwong K
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
Brain function / drugs of abuse |
fMRI |
Jenkins B
Kosofsky B
Mandeville JB
Rosen B
|
Response to stimuli |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
Stroke |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE |
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
Glioma |
MRI fMRI |
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
Alzheimer's disease |
SPECT fMRI |
Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
Parkinson’s disease |
MRI / Arterial spin labeling |
Hoge R |
|
Neurological |
| Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
Migraine |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging fMRI |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
| Change in local tissue density or contrast enhancement |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
CT MRI |
Palmer WE Rosenthal DI |
Mutlicenter Trail with 367 patients - CT and MRI equally reliable for diagnosis
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Chemotactic peptide uptake |
Pancreatitis |
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
Via 99mTc labeled peptide analog |
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Metabolic Infectious disease Endocrine
|
| Choline |
CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH
|
|
Neurological |
| Choline |
Hepatic encephalopathy |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| Choline |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
Choline / sodium (NA) ratio Creatine / sodium (NA) ratio
|
Multiple sclerosis |
MRS |
Jenkins B
Gonzalez RG
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Choline : creatine ratio |
Huntington's disease |
MRS |
Jenkins BG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| CMRO2 |
Stroke |
fMRI Diffuse optical topography (Near infrared spectroscopy) |
Boas D
Mandeville JB
Strangman G
|
NIRS agrees well with fMRI, useful in longitudinal studies |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Comparative brainstem analysis |
Multiple sclerosis |
MRI |
Jenkins B
Rosen BR
Stufflebeam SM
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Contrast enhanced tissue characterization |
Pancreatic mass |
MRI cholangio -pancreatography |
Prasad S
Sahani D
Saini S
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Cortical thickness |
Schizophrenia |
MRI (morphometry) |
Fischl B
Harris G
Kennedy D
Kuperberg G
|
|
Neurological |
| Cortical activation during provoked conditions |
Obsessive compulsive disorder |
fMRI PET SPECT |
Fischman A
Rauch SL
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
Cortical activation during sensorimotor tasks
|
Stroke / recovery |
fMRI |
Schaechter J Rosen BR |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Cortical activity |
Pain |
fMRI PET SPECT MEG |
Fischman A
Halgren E
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Stuffelbeam SM
|
|
Neurological Musculoskeletal |
| Cortical dysplasia |
Epilepsy |
MRI / MEG fMRI |
Dale A
Grant E
Mandeville J
Rosen B
Stufflebeam SM
Wald LL
|
|
Neurological |
| Cortical spreading depression (CSD) |
Migraine |
Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI |
Hadjikhani N
Rosen BR
Sorensen AG
|
Signal changes measured during visual aura |
Neurological |
| Cortical surface disruption |
Bone fracture |
Plain radiographs |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Cortical thickness |
Huntington's disease |
fMRI MRI morphometry |
Dale A
Fischl B
Harris G
Kennedy D
Rosas D
|
|
Neurological |
| Cortical thickness |
Multiple sclerosis |
fMRI
MRI
morphometry
|
Fischl B
Kuperberg G
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Cortical thickness |
Obsessive compulsive disorder
|
MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D |
|
Neurological |
| Cortical thickness and asymmetry |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
|
MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D |
|
Neurological |
| Cortical thickness, volume and location |
Brain development / -anencephaly -microcephaly -holoprosencephaly
|
MRI morphometry fMRI |
Caviness VS
Dale A
Fischl B
Kennedy D
|
|
Neurological |
| Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
Intra-abdominal abscess |
US CT MRI |
Mueller P |
|
Gastrointestinal Genitourinary Infectious disease
|
| Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
Arthritis / septic |
PET |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
Fibrocystic change |
US
CT
MRI
|
Kopans DB |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
Ganglion cyst |
US
CT
MRI
|
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
Renal neoplasm / primary and secondary |
US
CT
MRI
|
Mueller PR |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
Synovial cell sarcoma |
US
CT
MRI
|
Rosenthal DI |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal |
| Cyst composition / tissue characterization Soft tissue inflammation |
Simple renal cysts |
US
CT
MRI
|
Mueller PR |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Cystic architecture / tissue characterization |
Synovial cyst |
US
CT
MRI
|
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Cystic nodal metastases |
Thyroid carcinoma |
US |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Endocrine |
| Decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
Multiple sclerosis |
MRS |
Jenkins B Gonzalez RG
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Decreased regional blood flow |
Renal disease |
PET |
Alpert NM Fischman AJ
|
|
Metabolic Endocrine |
| Degree of circumferential vessel involvement |
Pancreatic adrenal carcinoma |
Multidetector CT angiography (MDCT) / CTA |
Boland GW
Mueller PR
Saini S
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
Diffuse cerebral edema with thalamic +/- cerebellar hypo-attenuation
|
Cerebral malaria |
CT |
Gonzalez RG |
|
Neurological Infectious disease |
| Diffuse cerebral edema with thalamic +/- cerebellar hypo-attenuation |
Infectious disease / cerebral malaria |
CT |
Gonzalez RG |
|
Neurological Infectious disease |
| Directed molecular probes |
HIV |
MRI
PET
Optical
|
Weissleder R
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Directed molecular probes |
Huntington's disease |
MRI
PET
Optical
|
Fischman A Weissleder R |
|
Neurological |
| Directed molecular probes |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI
PET
Optical
|
Fischman AJ Hunter GJ Weissleder R |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Directed molecular probes |
Parkinson’s disease |
PET
Optical
|
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological |
| Directed molecular probes |
Alzheimer's disease |
PET SPECT Optical |
Fischman A Weissleder R |
Animal modeling Optical with exogenous contrast agents
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Directed molecular probes for beta cell mass |
Diabetes |
MRI |
Moore A
Bogdanov AJ
Weissleder R
|
|
Metabolic Endocrine |
Distribution and leakage of intra-articular administered contrast media
|
Rotator cuff injury |
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Distinguishes full from partial thickness tears |
Musculoskeletal |
Dopa decarboxylase activity
|
Dyskinesia (PNKD) |
PET |
Fischman A |
|
Neurological Musculoskeletal |
| Dopamine binding potential |
Parkinson’s disease |
SPECT (using I-123 altropane) |
Fischman A
Halpern E
Sahani D
|
|
Neurological |
| Dopamine transporter (DAT) density |
Parkinson’s disease |
SPECT (using I-123 altropane) |
Fischman A
Halpern E
Sahani D
|
|
Neurological |
| Dopamine transporter density |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
|
SPECT |
Fischman A Rauch SL |
|
Neurological |
| Dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity |
Parkinson’s disease |
fMRI PET |
Fishman A
Livni E
Rosen B
|
Pet using 11C-CRT |
Neurological |
| Ductal dilatation |
Cholangitis |
MRI |
Prasad S Sahani D |
MR cholangio- pancreatography |
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory
|
| Ductal irregularity or obstruction |
Pancreatitis |
MRI |
Prasad S Sahani D Saini S |
Visualized by MR cholanio-pancreatography (MRCP)
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Metabolic Infectious disease Endocrine |
| Early diffusion changes |
Asphyxia |
Diffusion weighted imaging |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological |
Edema / change in signal intensity and apparent diffusion constant
|
Trauma |
MRI Diffusion weighted imaging |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Embolism volume |
Pulmonary embolism |
MRI |
Weissleder R |
Via monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Entorhinal cortex |
Alzheimer's disease |
MRI |
Hyman B |
Can distinguish normal from mild AD with 93% accuracy
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Enzymatic activity |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
Optical |
Weissleder R |
Rodent model |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Fibrillations |
Osteoarthritis |
Intra-articular Optical coherence topography
|
Palmer WE |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Fibrosis |
Osteoarthritis |
Intra-articular Optical coherence topography
|
Palmer WE |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Fibrous cap thickness |
Vulnerable plaque |
Optical coherence topography |
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Flow heterogeneity (FH) |
Stroke |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE
|
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Fluorescent proteins / exogenous |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Macroscopic fluorescence reflective imagine (FRI) Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT)
|
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R |
Green fluorescence proteins (GFPs) Ds Red Hc Red |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Focal atrophy |
Brain injury / toxicity and trauma |
MRI |
Caviness VS
Kennedy D
|
|
Neurological |
| Focal brain uptake |
CNS AIDS / fungal and opportunistic infections
|
PET SPECT |
Fischman A |
|
Neurological |
| Folate receptor |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Frontal language area |
Autism |
MRI |
Caviness VS
Harris G
Kennedy D
|
Reversal of morphometric asymmetry in frontal language area
|
Neurological |
| Frontal language area |
Autism |
fMRI |
Harris G |
Abnormal fMRI activation of frontal language areas during semantic language tasks
|
Neurological |
| Gallbladder wall thickening |
Cholecystitis |
US
CT
MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ |
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Gallstones |
Cholelithiasis |
US
CT
MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ |
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Metabolic
|
| Gallstones |
Cholecystitis |
US
CT
MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ |
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Glucose |
Hepatic encephalopathy |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| Glucose metabolism |
Breast neoplasm |
PET |
Alpert NM
Choi NC
Fischman AJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glucose metabolism |
Head and neck neoplasm / primary and secondary |
PET |
Alpert N
Choi N
Fischman A
|
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glucose metabolism |
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Glucose metabolism |
Lung neoplasm / non small cell carcinoma |
PET |
Choi NC
Fischman AJ
Weissleder R |
Pilot trial in NSCLC showed good inverse correlation between MR post radiation and outcomes
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glucose metabolism |
Osseous neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
PET |
Fischman AJ |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal |
| Glucose metabolism |
Ovarian neoplasm / presence and viability |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Glucose metabolism |
Pulmonary neoplasm / presence and viability |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glucose metabolism |
Renal neoplasm / primary and secondary |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary
|
| Glucose metabolism |
Soft tissue neoplasm / primary and secondary |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal |
| Glucose metabolism |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability |
PET |
Alpert N
Choi N
Fischman A
Kennedy D
Rosen B
|
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glucose transporter |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glucose uptake |
Glioma |
PET |
Fischman A
Kennedy D
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Ground-glass appearance |
Respiratory syncytial virus |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Hippocampal size |
Alzheimer's disease |
MRI Quantitative volumetric morphometry |
Dale A
Hyman B
Fischl B
Kennedy D |
Accurately indicates absence of disease progression in therapeutic trials - allows markedly reduced subject numbers
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Hippuran clearance |
Renal disease |
PET |
Alpert NM Fischman AJ
|
|
Metabolic Endocrine |
| Human transferrin receptor |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI |
Weissleder R |
Receptor binding probe linking transferrin and monocrystalline ir
on oxide (Tf-MION) |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Hyperperfusion |
Epilepsy |
MRI / arterial spin labeling |
Hoge R
Kwong KK
|
|
Neurological |
| Increased abdominal visceral fat associated with decreased bone mineral density |
AIDS wasting syndrome / lipodystrophy |
Quantitative CT Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Increased Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
HIV |
fMRI |
Gonzalez RG Hunter G |
Cerebral injury related to HIV infection
|
Infectious disease |
| Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
Allergic drug reaction |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Endocrine Metabolic Inflammatory
|
Increased pulmonary interstitial markings
|
Connective tissue disorders |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Inflammatory |
| Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
Interstitial pulmonary edema |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Inflammatory Cardiology / Vascular Infectious Disease |
| Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
Lymphangio- carcinomatosis |
CT |
McLoud TC
Mueller PR
Shepard J
Weissleder R
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
Pulmonary infection |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Increased synovial glucose metabolism |
Arthritis / septic |
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Increased synovial glucose metabolism |
Arthritis / inflammatory |
PET |
Fischman AJ
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Increased synovial glucose metabolism |
Pigmented villonodular synovitis |
PET |
Fischman AJ
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Inflammatory Musculoskeletal |
| Increasing periosteal and endosteal enhancement |
Osteoarticular allograft imaging |
MRI |
Palmer WE Rosenthal DI |
3-4 months post allograft / represents vascular ingrowth and early skeletal repair
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Infiltration of tunica muscularis Presence of positive nodes |
Rectal carcinoma / advanced staging |
MRI Multidetector CT angiography (MDCT) US |
Hahn P
Saini S
O'Neill MJ
Mueller P
|
|
Gastrointestinal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Inflammation |
Crohn's disease |
MR enteroclysis |
Hahn P |
Use of experimental oral contrast Kaolin, locus bean gum, methylcellulose + Barium
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory |
| Intraluminal hemorrhage |
Gastrointestinal bleeding
|
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Intramyocellular lipid levels |
HIV lipodystrophy syndrome
Diabetes (Type II)
Obesity
|
Proton MR spectroscopy
|
Torriani M |
|
Endocrine
Infectious disease
Metabolic
Musculoskeletal |
| Intravascular thrombus |
Acute myocardial infarction
|
MRI |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Intravascular thrombus |
Arterial embolism |
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Intravascular thrombus |
Deep venous thrombosis |
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
O’Neill MJ Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Intravascular thrombus |
Portal vein thrombosis |
US
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
Hahn P
Mueller P
O’Neill MJ
Waltman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular Gastrointestinal |
| Intravascular thrombus |
Pulmonary embolism
|
CT |
McLoud T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Intravascular thrombus |
Stroke |
CT / CTA MRI / MRA Angiography |
Caviness VS
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Ischemic brain tissue |
Stroke / ischemic |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging MRI CT perfusion CTA |
Gonzalez R
Harris G
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Joint space narrowing |
Arthritis |
Plain radiographs |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Lactate |
Hepatic encephalopathy |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| Lactate |
Huntington's disease |
MRS |
Jenkins BG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Lactate |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lactate : choline ratio |
Asphyxia |
MRS |
Jenkins B
|
|
Neurological |
| Lesion detection |
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Saini S
Weissleder R
|
Increased SNR and CNR with liver specific contrast agent GD-BOPTA and mangafodipir
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Lesion volume |
Adenopathy, lymphoma and metastatic disease |
US
CT
MRI |
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Lesion volume |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
CT
MRI
morphometry |
Gonzalez R
Harris G
Kennedy D
Lev
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence Response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lesion volume |
Head and neck neoplasm / primary and secondary |
CT
MRI |
Gonzalez R
Lev MH
Schaefer P
Schwamm
Sorensen AG
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lesion volume |
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
US
CT
MRI |
Harris G
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Lesion volume |
Lung neoplasm / primary and secondary |
CT
MRI |
Hunter GJ |
Anatomic marker of disease presence
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lesion volume |
Renal neoplasm / primary and secondary |
US
CT
MRI |
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Leukocyte accumulation |
Abscess |
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
Tc-99m HMPAO improvement over Tl-201 and Ga-67 |
Neurological Inflammatory Musculoskeletal Genitourinary Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Leukocyte accumulation |
Osteomyelitis |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
Radiolabled IL-8 accumulation |
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal
|
| Leukocyte accumulation |
Soft tissue infection |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Ligament tears |
Ankle injury |
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Predicts sensitivity for ankle impingement syndromes
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Cholangio-carcinoma |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Sahani D
|
Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Hepatic cysts |
MRI
US |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O'Neill MJ
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Sahani D
|
Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal Endocrine |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal Endocrine |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Hepatic hemangioma |
MRI
US |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PF
O'Neill MJ
Saini S
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide OR Gd-based chelates |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Hepatobiliary disorders |
MRI |
Hahn P
Harisinghani M
Mueller P
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
MRI |
Hahn P
Harisinghani M
Mueller P
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Liver tissue characterization |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Harisinghani M
Sahani D
|
Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Local uptake of specific tumor avid radiotracers |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm
|
| Lumen vascular diameter |
Arteriosclerosis / peripheral |
CTA
MRA
Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Hunter G
Lev M
Waltman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Macrophage content |
Vulnerable plaque |
Optical coherence topography |
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Marrow edema |
Bone fracture |
MRI -T1 Diffusion weighted imaging / Apparent diffusion constant |
Palmer WE |
Impact fractures demonstrate prominent edema, distraction fractures exhibit minimal edema
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Matrix metalloproteinase-2 MMP-9 MMP-13 |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Mean transit time (MTT) |
Alzheimer's disease |
SPECT
fMRI |
Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Mean transit time (MTT) |
Migraine |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging fMRI |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
| Mean transit time (MTT) |
Stroke |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE
|
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Mediastinal nodal status |
Lung neoplasm / primary and secondary |
PET
MRI
CT |
Fischman AJ
McLoud TC
Weissleder R
|
Physiologic imaging with FDG or iron oxide particles in NSCLC
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Micro-architecture deterioration |
Osteoporosis |
Digital radiographs 3D microMRI 3D microCT |
Rosenthal DI |
Fine element modeling (FEM) to predict mechanical properties
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Microarchitecture deterioration |
Osteoporosis |
Digital radiographs 3D microMRI 3D microCT |
Rosenthal DI |
Fine element modeling (FEM) to predict mechanical properties
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Microcalcifications |
Breast neoplasm |
Raman Spectroscopy |
Feld MS (MIT) |
Differential diagnosis of benign from malignant microcalcifications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Microvascular blood volume |
Breast neoplasm |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Microbubble contrast agents
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
Microvascular blood volume and microvascular density
|
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
fMRI
MRI |
Belliveau
Kennedy D
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Microvascular density |
Breast neoplasm |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Microbubble contrast agents
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Microvessel density (MVD) |
Breast neoplasm |
MRI |
Kopans DB |
Magnetic susceptibility-based contrast agent OR GD-DTPA with dynamic echo planar imaging
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| MR cholangio- pancreatography |
Calculus disease |
MRI |
Sahani D
Prasad S
|
|
Endocrine Gastrointestinal |
| MR cholangio-pancreatography |
Biliary stricture |
MRI |
Sahani D
Prasad S
|
|
Gastrointestinal |
| MS plaque demylination |
Multiple sclerosis |
MRI |
Jenkins B
Rosen BR
Stufflebeam SM
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Musculoskeletal blood flow |
Skeletal muscle injury and repair |
PET |
Alpert NM Fischman AJ |
Animal study Use of H2(15)O to study muscle metabolism
|
Musculoskeletal |
Myocardial blood flow via 13N-ammonia
|
Coronary artery disease |
Nuclear medicine SPECT |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Myocardial blood flow via 13N-ammonia |
Ischemic heart disease |
Nuclear medicine SPECT
|
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Myocardial contractility / function |
Coronary artery disease |
MRI Nuclear Medicine |
Brady T
Fischman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Myocardial function contractility |
Myocarditis |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Myocardial function contractility |
Myocarditis |
MRI |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Myocardial perfusion |
Coronary artery disease |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
|
| Myoinositol |
Alzheimer's disease |
MRS |
Gonzalez RG
Jenkins B
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Myoinositol (MI) |
CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH
|
|
Neurological |
| N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
Alzheimer's disease |
MRS |
Gonzalez RG
Jenkins B
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
Hodgkin's disease |
MRS |
Jenkins B
Kennedy D
Rosas D
Rosen BR
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH
|
|
Neurological |
| N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
Hepatic encephalopathy |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
Huntington's disease |
MRS |
Jenkins BG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| N-acetylaspartate (NAA) Images |
Brain function / neuronal content |
MRI chemical shift Echo-planar imaging (EPI)
|
Gonzalez RG
Jenkins B
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) lateralization
|
Epilepsy |
MRS |
Jenkins BG |
|
Neurological |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels over time
|
Parkinson’s disease |
MRS |
Gonzales RG Jenkins BG |
|
Neurological |
| Negative defect |
Bone fracture |
Plain radiographs |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Neural activation of dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum |
Schizophrenia |
PET |
Alpert N
Fischman A
Heckers S
Rauch SL
Schaefer P
|
Regional activation during cognitive paradigms |
Neurological |
| Neuritic (senile) plaque |
Alzheimer's disease |
In vivo multiphoton microscopy |
Hyman B |
Can use histochemical or immuno-fluorescence for amyloid B
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Neuronal activation |
Visual process disorders |
fMRI |
Mandeville JB
Rosen B
Tootell RBH
|
|
Neurological |
| Neuronal activation |
Stroke |
fMRI Diffuse optical topography (Near infrared spectroscopy)
|
Boas D
Mandeville JB
Strangman G
|
NIRS agrees well with fMRI, useful in longitudinal studies |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Neuronal activation CMRO2 |
Stroke |
Arterial spin labeling MRI O2 15 PET Xenon Enhanced CT
|
Wald LL |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Neuronal injury |
Alzheimer's disease |
MRI |
Gonzalez RG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Opacities |
Respiratory syncytial virus |
CT |
McLoud TC Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Osseous bridging |
Bone fracture / healing |
Plain radiographs
MRI
CT
|
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Osteoblastic activity |
Bone fracture / healing |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic
|
| Osteoblastic activity |
Osseous neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal |
| Osteoblastic activity |
Osteoarthritis |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Osteoblastic activity |
Osteomyelytis |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
Uptake of bone-seeking radio-pharmaceuticals
|
Musculoskeletal Infectious disease |
| Osteoblastic activity |
Soft tissue infection |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Osteochondral lesions |
Joint injury / general |
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Assesses the stability of lesions
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Oxygen consumption |
Brain development |
Optical Imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Oxygen consumption |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
Diffuse Optical imagine (DOI) |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Oxygen consumption |
Stroke |
Optical imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A
Lo E
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Oxygen utilization |
Alzheimer's disease |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
Combining of multi-wavelength and laser speckle contrast imaging
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Partial thickness and full thickness tears |
Elbow injury / collateral ligament |
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Distinguishes thickness of tears
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Perfusion / diffusion |
Myocarditis |
MRI |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Perfusion / diffusion |
Myocarditis |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Peri-intestinal inflammation |
Inflammatory bowl disease (IBD) |
MRI |
Hahn P |
Tissue FISP pulse sequence
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory |
| Peri-rectal fat involvement |
Rectal carcinoma / recurrent |
MRI |
Hahn P
Prasad S
Saini S
|
Predictor of high probability of local recurrence |
Gastrointestinal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Perianeurysmal fibrosis |
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA)
|
CT |
Brady T
Saini S
Waltman A
|
|
Inflammatory Cardiology / Vascular |
| Periarticular erosion |
Amyloid arthropathy / crystalline disease |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory Metabolic
|
| Periarticular erosion |
Arthritis / inflammatory |
Plain radiographs
MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Periarticular erosion |
Arthritis / septic |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Periarticular erosion |
Pigmented villonodular synovitis |
Plain radiographs
MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Inflammatory Musculoskeletal
|
| Periarticular erosion |
Synovial chondromatosis |
Plain radiographs
MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm
|
| Permeability surface area product |
Pulmonary neoplasm |
PET MRI |
Fischman AJ McLoud TC
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Pharmacokinetics Biodistribution Non-tumor uptake |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
SPECT PET MRS |
Fischman AJ Jenkins B |
Additional use for determining in vivo heterogeneity of tumor uptake
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Phosphocreatine |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Plaque Type |
Vulnerable plaque |
Optical coherence topography |
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Portal Venous invasion |
Pancreatic carcinoma |
MRA |
Halpern EF
Saini S
Waltman AC
|
Better predictor than conventional angiography
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Presence of contralateral synchronous cancers |
Breast neoplasm |
MRI |
Kopans DB |
4 of 17 patients (24%) had contralateral cancer occult to physical exam, mammography and US
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Prostate volume |
Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
US
CT
MRI
|
Hahn PF
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Prostate volume |
Prostate cancer |
US
CT
MRI
|
Hahn PF
Mueller PR
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Prostate-specific antigens (PSA) |
Prostate cancer |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Pulmonary consolidation |
Alveolar pulmonary edema |
CT
MRI
|
McLoud T Shepard J |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Pulmonary consolidation |
Aveolar bronchial cell carcinoma |
CT
MRI
|
McLoud TC Shepard J |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Pulmonary consolidation |
Pneumonitis |
CT
MRI
Plain radiographs |
McLoud TC Shepard J |
|
Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| Pulmonary consolidation |
Pneumonitis |
CT
MRI |
McLoud TC Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| rCMRO2 |
Brain function / drugs of abuse |
fMRI |
Jenkins B
Kosofsky B
Mandeville JB
Rosen B
|
Response to stimuli |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Regional blood flow and blood volume |
Breast neoplasm |
MRI |
Kopans DB |
Magnetic susceptibility-based contrast agent OR GD-DTPA with dynamic echo planar imaging
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Relative % contrast washout |
Adrenal neoplasm |
CT |
Boland GW
Hahn PF
Mueller PR
|
Differential diagnosis of adrenal masses |
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) |
Anorexia |
PET |
Alpert N
Fischman A
Rauch SL
|
|
Neurological |
| Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) |
Brain function / mapping - dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity
|
Pharmacologic MRI PET fMRI |
Bogdanov M
Chen YC
Jenkins B
Rosen B
|
Using D-amphetamine and CFT |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Relative cerebral blood flow index (rCBF) |
Stroke |
Diffusion weighted imaging fMRI MRI (morphometry)
|
Kennedy D
Lo E
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) |
Hypertension |
Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI |
Hunter G
Rosen B
|
Using Gd-DTPA following L-arginine infusion
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) |
Stroke / ischemic |
CAPTIVE MRI |
Bogdanov A
Jenkins B
Kwong K
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) |
Brain function / mapping - dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity
|
Pharmacologic MRI PET fMRI |
Bogdanov M
Chen YC
Jenkins B
Rosen B
|
Using D-amphetamine and CFT |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Restricted diffusion |
Abscess |
Diffusion weighted imaging |
Grant E
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory Infectious disease |
| Restricted diffusion |
Infectious disease / -empyema -herpes virus -CJD
|
Diffusion weighted imaging |
Grant E
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological Infectious disease |
| Restricted diffusion |
Migraine |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A |
|
Neurological |
| Restricted water mobility |
Brain injury |
Diffusion weighted imaging Apparent diffusion constant |
Huisman TA
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
Cytotoxic edema, vasogenic edema and diffuse axonal injury |
Neurological |
| Right posterior hepatic notch |
Cirrhosis |
MRI
CT |
Hahn PF
Sahani D |
Discrimination of alcohol from virus-induced cirrhosis
|
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| ROC curve analysis of 13 CT radiographic parameters |
Ovarian neoplasm / presence and viability |
CT |
O'Neill MJ |
Predictive model of relative success of surgical cytoreduction
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Seizure focus |
Epilepsy |
MEG / EEG |
Halgren E
Stufflebeam SM
|
|
Neurological |
| Soft tissue inflammation |
Myopathy |
MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious Disease Cardiology / Vascular
|
| Soft tissue inflammation |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Nuclear medicine MRI |
Fischman AJ
Palmer WE
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Soft tissue inflammation |
Soft tissue infection |
MRI Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Soft tissue inflammation |
Trauma |
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Soft tissue inflammation |
Trauma |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Soft tissue inflammation |
Simple renal cysts |
US CT MRI |
Mueller PR |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary
|
| Soft tissue uptake of radiotracers |
Trauma |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Somatostatin receptor |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Spatial cartilage thickness |
Joint injury / hip and knee |
Co-planar MRI |
Palmer WE
Rosenberg AE
Rosenthal DI
|
MR using fat-saturated 3D spoiled gradient-echo images (SPGR)
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Specific regional uptake, target selection and functional activation |
Schizophrenia |
fMRI |
Kuperberg G
Manoach D
Stufflebeam SM
Rosen B
|
Regional activation during cognitive paradigms |
Neurological |
| Spermine levels |
Prostate cancer |
MRS magic angle spinning |
Cheng LL Gonzalez RG |
Proposed endogenous inhibitor of prostate CA growth
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Spiculated lymph node |
Rectal carcinoma / recurrent |
MRI |
Hahn P
Prasad S
Saini S
|
Predictor of high probability of local recurrence
|
Gastrointestinal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Splenic tissue characterization |
Splenic cysts |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Splenic tissue characterization |
Splenic neoplasm |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Splenic tissue characterization |
Splenic trauma |
MRI |
Harisinghani M
Weissleder R |
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide
|
Gastrointestinal Cardiology / Vascular |
| Subendothelial lipid pool |
Vulnerable plaque |
Optical coherence topography Near infrared spectroscopy
|
Brady T
Muller J |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Synovial thickening |
Arthritis / inflammatory |
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Synovial thickening |
Arthritis / septic |
Plain radiograph
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Synovial thickening |
Pigmented villonodular synovitis |
MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Targeted cellular and molecular probes |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability
|
Optical MRI PET |
Kwong KK
Weissleder R |
Exogenous contrast agents Animal models
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Targeted mircobubble contrast agents |
Vulnerable plaque |
Contrast enhanced US |
O'Neill MJ
Waltman A |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Thalamic neuronal loss |
Multiple sclerosis |
MRI
fMRI
MRS |
Gonzalez RG
Fischl B
Kuperberg G
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Thalamus and substantia nigra hyperintensities |
Encephalitis / west nile virus |
MRI |
Gonzalez RG Sorensen AG |
Disease confirmation and progression monitoring
|
Neurological Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| Thickness and composition of plaque |
Vulnerable plaque |
Intravascular
US
IVUS |
Brady T
Lev M
O'Neill NJ
Waltman A
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory |
| Tissue characterization |
Osseous neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
CT MRI |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal |
| Tissue characterization |
Multiple sclerosis |
fMRI
MRI
morphometry
|
Fischl B
Kuperberg G
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Trabecular pore size |
Osteoporosis |
MRI |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic
|
| Tumor angiogenesis |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI
MRS
MRA |
Davis T
Rosen B
Wald LL
Weissleder R
|
Measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor angiogenesis |
Glioma |
MRI
MRS
MRA |
Davis T
Rosen B
Wald LL
Weissleder R
|
Measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor angiogenesis |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) / monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Bogdanov A
Bremer C
Rosen BR
Weissleder R
|
High resolution MR using long circulating iron oxide contrast agents Rodent model |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor angiogenesis Macromolecular contrast extravasate |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI SPECT |
Bogdanov A Weissleder R |
Animal model using pegylated DOTA derivatized graft copolymers
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor associated enzymatic activity |
Breast neoplasm |
Optical Near infrared spectroscopy |
Bremer C
Bogdanov A
Weissleder R
|
Expression levels of cathepsin-B activity in animal models of breast cancer
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor growth rate |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI |
Bogdanov A Weissleder R |
Serial studies of tumor volume using uptake of long-circulating dextrin coated iron oxide (LCDIO) Rodent model
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor growth rate |
CNS Neoplasm / schwannoma and neurofibromatosis
|
MRI |
Tang Y Weissleder R |
Transgenic murine models of neurofibromatosis
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor growth rate |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
MRI SPECT Dual tracer NMR |
Bogdanov A Kwong K Weissleder R |
SPECT via uptake of long-circulating dextrin coated iron oxide (LCDIO) Rodent model
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor margin |
Glioma |
MRI |
Weissleder R |
Via ultra small particulate iron oxide (USPIO)
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor mass |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
Optical |
Weissleder R |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumor volume |
Breast neoplasm
|
MRI |
Harris G |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Tumoral proteinase |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Optical Near infrared spectroscopy |
Bogdanov A
Mahmood U
Weissleder R
|
Rodent model |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Vascular architecture |
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Multidector CT angiography (MDCTA) |
Hahn PF
Mueller PR
Saini S
Sahani D
|
Presurgical treatment planning |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
Vascular diameter and circumference
|
Iliac aneurysm |
US CT MRI |
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
Vascular diameter and circumference
|
Aortic aneurysm |
US CT MRI |
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Vascular involvement |
Pancreatic carcinoma |
MRA |
Halpern EF
Saini S
Waltman AC
|
Better predictor than conventional angiography |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Vascular lumen diameter |
Arteriosclerosis / central |
CTA MRA Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Hunter G
Lev M
Waltman A
|
|
Metabolic Cardiology / Vascular |
| Vascular lumen diameter |
Dissection / peripheral |
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Vascular occlusion |
Stroke / ischemic |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging MRI CT perfusion CTA |
Gonzalez R
Harris G
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Vascular volume fraction |
Glioma |
Optical |
Weissleder |
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
|
Vascular volume fraction
|
Sarcoma |
Optical |
Weissleder R |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
Ventilation / perfusion mismatch
|
Pulmonary embolism |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Water content |
Bone fracture |
MRI -T1 Diffusion weighted imaging / Apparent diffusion constant |
Palmer WE |
Impact fractures demonstrate prominent edema, distraction fractures exhibit minimal edema
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Water EF |
Stroke / ischemic |
CAPTIVE MRI |
Bogdanov A
Jenkins B
Kwong K
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Whole brain morphometry |
Obsessive compulsive disorder |
MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D
Rosen BR
|
Findings include sig. less total white-matter and greater cortex and opercular volumes
|
Neurological |
