| Disease / Medical condition |
Biomarker |
Imaging Technique |
Investigators |
Comments |
Disease Category |
Abscess |
Leukocyte accumulation |
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
Tc-99m HMPAO improvement over Tl-201 and Ga-67 |
Neurological Inflammatory Musculoskeletal Genitourinary Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Abscess |
Restricted diffusion |
Diffusion weighted imaging |
Grant E
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory Infectious disease |
Acute myocardial infarction
|
Intravascular thrombus |
MRI |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
Adenopathy, lymphoma and metastatic disease
|
Lesion volume |
US CT MRI |
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Adrenal neoplasm |
Relative % contrast washout |
CT |
Boland GW
Hahn PF
Mueller PR
|
Differential diagnosis of adrenal masses
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| AIDS wasting syndrome |
Body fat composition |
CT |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| AIDS wasting syndrome / lipodystrophy |
Increased abdominal visceral fat associated with decreased bone mineral density
|
Quantitative CT Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Allergic drug reaction |
Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Endocrine Metabolic Inflammatory
|
| Alveolar pulmonary edema |
Pulmonary consolidation |
CT MRI |
McLoud T
Shepard J
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Cerebral blood flow |
Perfusion weighted imaging / Arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R |
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
SPECT fMRI |
Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
SPECT fMRI |
Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Mean transit time (MTT) |
SPECT fMRI |
Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Directed molecular probes |
PET SPECT Optical |
Fischman A Weissleder R |
Animal modeling Optical with exogenous contrast agents
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Entorhinal cortex |
MRI |
Hyman B |
Can distinguish normal from mild AD with 93% accuracy
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Anterior cingulate size and thickness |
MRI |
Hyman B |
Can distinguish normal from mild AD with 93% accuracy
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Hippocampal size |
MRI Quantitative volumetric morphometry |
Dale A
Hyman B
Fischl B
Kennedy D |
Accurately indicates absence of disease progression in therapeutic trials - allows markedly reduced subject numbers
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Myoinositol |
MRS |
Gonzalez RG Jenkins B
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
MRS |
Gonzalez RG Jenkins B
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Neuritic (senile) plaque |
In vivo multiphoton microscopy |
Hyman B |
Can use histochemical or immuno-fluorescence for amyloid B
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Neuronal injury |
MRI |
Gonzalez RG
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Oxygen utilization |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
Combining of multi-wavelength and laser speckle contrast imaging
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Alzheimer's disease |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
Combining of multi-wavelength and laser speckle contrast imaging
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Amyloid arthropathy / crystalline disease |
Periarticular erosion |
Plain radiographs
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory Metabolic |
| Ankle injury |
Ligament tears |
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Predicts sensitivity for ankle impingement syndromes
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Anorexia |
Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) |
PET |
Alpert N
Fischman A
Rauch SL
|
|
Neurological |
| Aortic aneurysm |
Vascular diameter and circumference
|
US CT MRI |
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Aortic dissection |
Anatomic disruption of arterial wall |
US CT MRI Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Waltman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Arterial embolism |
Intravascular thrombus |
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
Atherosclerosis / central
|
Arterial calcification |
CT |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Arteriosclerosis / central |
Vascular lumen diameter |
CTA MRA Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Hunter G
Lev M
Waltman A
|
|
Metabolic Cardiology / Vascular |
| Arteriosclerosis / peripheral |
Arterial calcification |
CT |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
|
| Arteriosclerosis / peripheral |
Lumen vascular diameter |
CTA MRA Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Hunter G
Lev M
Waltman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Arthritis |
Joint space narrowing |
Plain radiographs |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Arthritis / inflammatory |
Articular cartilage thickness |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Arthritis / inflammatory |
Increased synovial glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Arthritis / inflammatory |
Periarticular erosion |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Arthritis / inflammatory |
Synovial thickening |
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Arthritis / rheumatoid |
Articular cartilage thickness |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Arthritis / septic |
Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
PET |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Arthritis / septic |
Increased synovial glucose metabolism |
MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Arthritis / septic |
Periarticular erosion |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Arthritis / septic |
Synovial thickening |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Asphyxia |
Altered vascular and tissue permeability
|
CT |
Gonzalez RG Grant E |
|
Neurological |
| Asphyxia |
Early diffusion changes |
Diffusion weighted imaging |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological |
| Asphyxia |
Lactate : choline ratio
|
MRS |
Jenkins B |
|
Neurological |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
ACCD activation (anterior cingulate cortex division) |
fMRI PET |
Bush G
Fischman A
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
|
Cortical thickness and asymmetry |
MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D |
|
Neurological |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
|
Dopamine transporter density |
SPECT |
Fischman A
Rauch SL |
|
Neurological |
| Autism |
Frontal language area |
MRI |
Caviness VS
Harris G
Kennedy D |
Reversal of morphometric asymmetry in frontal language area
|
Neurological |
| Autism |
Frontal language area |
fMRI |
Harris G |
Abnormal fMRI activation of frontal language areas during semantic language tasks
|
Neurological |
| Aveolar bronchial cell carcinoma |
Pulmonary consolidation |
CT MRI |
McLoud TC Shepard J
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
Prostate volume |
US CT MRI |
Hahn PF
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Biliary obstruction |
Biliary ductal dilatation |
US CT MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
|
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Biliary parasitic disease |
Biliary ductal dilatation |
US CT MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease |
| Biliary stricture |
MR cholangio-pancreatography |
MRI |
Prasad S
Sahani D
|
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Bone fracture |
Cortical surface disruption |
Plain radiographs |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Bone fracture |
Negative defect |
Plain radiographs |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Bone fracture |
Marrow edema |
MRI -T1 Diffusion weighted imaging / Apparent diffusion constant |
Palmer WE |
Impact fractures demonstrate prominent edema, distraction fractures exhibit minimal edema
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Bone fracture |
Water content |
MRI -T1 Diffusion weighted imaging / Apparent diffusion constant |
Palmer WE |
Impact fractures demonstrate prominent edema, distraction fractures exhibit minimal edema
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Bone fracture / healing |
Osseous bridging |
Plain radiographs
MRI
CT
|
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Bone fracture / healing |
Osteoblastic activity |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic
|
| Bone fracture / healing and distraction osteogenesis wounds |
Bone fill score and penetration depth |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Animal study Bone healing assessed by increased fill and decreased penetration depth
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Brain development |
Oxygen consumption |
Optical Imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Brain development |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Optical Imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Brain development / -anencephaly -microcephaly -holoprosencephaly |
Cortical thickness, volume and location |
MRI morphometry fMRI |
Caviness VS
Dale A
Fischl B
Kennedy D
|
|
Neurological |
| Brain function |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF ) |
MRI fMRI PET |
Belliveau
Kwong K
Rosen BR
|
Response to stimuli |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Brain function / neuronal content |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) Images |
MRI chemical shift Echo-planar imaging (EPI) |
Gonzalez RG
Jenkins B
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Metabolic |
| Brain function / drugs of abuse |
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
fMRI |
Jenkins B
Kosofsky B
Mandeville JB
Rosen B
|
Response to stimuli |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Brain function / drugs of abuse |
rCMRO2 |
fMRI |
Jenkins B
Kosofsky B
Mandeville JB
Rosen B
|
Response to stimuli |
Neurological Metabolic |
Brain function / mapping - dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity
|
Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) |
Pharmacologic MRI PET fMRI |
Bogdanov M
Chen YC
Jenkins B
Rosen B
|
Using D-amphetamine and CFT |
Neurological Metabolic |
Brain function / mapping - dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity
|
Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) |
Pharmacologic MRI PET fMRI |
Bogdanov M
Chen YC
Jenkins B
Rosen B
|
Using D-amphetamine and CFT |
Neurological Metabolic |
| Brain injury |
Restricted water mobility |
Diffusion weighted imaging Apparent diffusion constant |
Huisman TA
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
Cytotoxic edema, vasogenic edema and diffuse axonal injury |
Neurological |
| Brain injury / toxicity and trauma |
Focal atrophy |
MRI |
Caviness VS
Kennedy D
|
|
Neurological |
| Breast neoplasm |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Alpert NM
Choi NC
Fischman AJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Microcalcifications |
Raman Spectroscopy |
Feld MS (MIT) |
Differential diagnosis of benign from malignant microcalcifications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Microvascular blood volume |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Microbubble contrast agents
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Microvascular density |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Microbubble contrast agents
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Angiogenesis |
US |
O'Neill MJ |
Microbubble contrast agents
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Presence of contralateral synchronous cancers |
MRI |
Kopans DB |
4 of 17 patients (24%) had contralateral cancer occult to physical exam, mammography and US
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Regional blood flow and blood volume |
MRI |
Kopans DB |
Magnetic susceptibility-based contrast agent OR GD-DTPA with dynamic echo planar imaging
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Microvessel density (MVD) |
MRI |
Kopans DB |
Magnetic susceptibility-based contrast agent OR GD-DTPA with dynamic echo planar imaging
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Tumor associated enzymatic activity |
Optical Near infrared spectroscopy |
Bremer C
Bogdanov A
Weissleder R
|
Expression levels of cathepsin-B activity in animal models of breast cancer
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Breast neoplasm |
Tumor volume |
MRI |
Harris G
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Calculus disease |
MR cholangio- pancreatography |
MRI |
Sahani D
Prasad S
|
|
Endocrine Gastrointestinal |
| Carotid dissection |
Anatomic disruption of arterial wall |
US CT / CTA MRI / MRA Angiography |
Gonzalez R
Waltman A
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Cartilage abnormalities |
Articular cartilage and subchondral bone thickness
|
MRI |
Palmer WE |
MR using fat-suppressed SPGR images |
Musculoskeletal |
| Cerebral malaria |
Diffuse cerebral edema with thalamic +/- cerebellar hypo-attenuation
|
CT |
Gonzalez RG |
|
Neurological Infectious disease |
| Cholangio-carcinoma |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Sahani D
|
Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Cholangitis |
Biliary ductal dilatation |
MRI |
Prasad S
Sahani D |
MR cholangio-pancreatography |
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory
|
| Cholangitis |
Ductal dilatation |
MRI |
Prasad S
Sahani D |
MR cholangio- pancreatography |
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory
|
| Cholecystitis |
Gallstones |
US CT MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Cholecystitis |
Gallbladder wall thickening |
US CT MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious disease Gastrointestinal
|
| Choledo-cholithiasis |
Biliary ductal dilatation |
US CT MRI |
Hahn PF
O'Neill MJ
Mueller P
|
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Metabolic
|
| Cholelithiasis |
Gallstones |
US CT MRI |
Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Metabolic
|
| Cirrhosis |
Caudate lobe enlargement |
MRI CT |
Hahn PF
Sahani D |
Discrimination of alcohol from virus-induced cirrhosis |
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory
|
| Cirrhosis |
Right posterior hepatic notch |
MRI CT |
Hahn PF
Sahani D |
Discrimination of alcohol from virus-induced cirrhosis
|
Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory |
CNS AIDS / fungal and opportunistic infections
|
Focal brain uptake |
PET SPECT |
Fischman A |
|
Neurological |
| CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH
|
|
Neurological |
| CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration |
Choline |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH
|
|
Neurological |
| CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration |
Myoinositol (MI) |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH
|
|
Neurological |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Microvascular blood volume and microvascular density |
fMRI MRI |
Belliveau
Kennedy
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Choline |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Lactate |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Phosphocreatine |
MRS |
Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG
|
Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Tumor angiogenesis |
MRI MRS MRA |
Davis T
Rosen B
Wald LL
Weissleder R
|
Measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Alpert N
Choi N
Fischman A
Kennedy D
Rosen B
|
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Lesion volume |
CT
MRI
morphometry |
Gonzalez R
Harris G
Kennedy D
Lev
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence Response to therapy |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Tumor growth rate |
MRI |
Bogdanov A Weissleder R |
Serial studies of tumor volume using uptake of long-circulating dextrin coated iron oxide (LCDIO) Rodent model
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability
|
Oxygen consumption |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A |
Diffuse Optical imagine (DOI) |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability
|
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A |
Diffuse optical imagine (DOI) |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability
|
Targeted cellular and molecular probes |
Optical MRI PET |
Kwong KK Weissleder R |
Exogenous contrast agents Animal models |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| CNS Neoplasm / schwannoma and neurofibromatosis |
Tumor growth rate |
MRI |
Tang Y Weissleder R |
Transgenic murine models of neurofibromatosis
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Colorectal carcinoma |
99mTc labeled monoclonal antibody |
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
Phase III clinical trial with HumaSPECT-Tc
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Connective tissue disorders |
Increased pulmonary interstitial markings
|
CT |
McLoud TC Shepard J |
|
Inflammatory |
| Coronary artery disease |
Arterial calcification |
CT |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
|
| Coronary artery disease |
Myocardial blood flow via 13N-ammonia
|
Nuclear medicine SPECT |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Coronary artery disease |
Myocardial contractility / function |
MRI Nuclear Medicine |
Brady T
Fischman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic |
| Coronary artery disease |
Myocardial perfusion |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
|
| Crohn's disease |
Bowel wall differentiation |
MR enteroclysis |
Hahn P |
Use of experimental oral contrast Kaolin, locus bean gum, methylcellulose + Barium
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory |
| Crohn's disease |
Inflammation |
MR enteroclysis |
Hahn P |
Use of experimental oral contrast Kaolin, locus bean gum, methylcellulose + Barium
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory |
| Deep venous thrombosis |
Intravascular thrombus |
US MRI Angiography |
O’Neill MJ
Waltman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Dementia |
Blood oxygen level depletion (BOLD)
|
fMRI |
Rosen B |
|
Neurological |
| Dementia |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
MRI / arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R |
|
Neurological |
| Diabetes |
Directed molecular probes for beta cell mass |
MRI |
Moore A
Bogdanov AJ
Weissleder R
|
|
Metabolic Endocrine |
| Dissection / peripheral |
Vascular lumen diameter |
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Dyskinesia (PNKD) |
Dopa decarboxylase activity |
PET |
Fischman A |
|
Neurological Musculoskeletal
|
| Elbow injury / collateral ligament |
Partial thickness and full thickness tears |
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Distinguishes thickness of tears
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Encephalitis / west nile virus |
Thalamus and substantia nigra hyperintensities |
MRI |
Gonzalez RG Sorensen AG |
Disease confirmation and progression monitoring
|
Neurological Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| Epilepsy |
Cortical dysplasia |
MRI / MEG fMRI |
Dale A
Grant E
Mandeville J
Rosen B
Stufflebeam SM
Wald LL
|
|
Neurological |
| Epilepsy |
Hyperperfusion |
MRI / arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R
Kwong KK |
|
Neurological |
| Epilepsy |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
MRI / arterial spin labeling |
Hoge R
Kwong KK
|
|
Neurological |
| Epilepsy |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) lateralization
|
MRS |
Jenkins BG |
|
Neurological |
| Epilepsy |
Seizure focus |
MEG / EEG |
Halgren E
Stufflebeam SM
|
|
Neurological |
| Fibrocystic change |
Cyst composition / tissue characterization
|
US
CT
MRI
|
Kopans DB |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Ganglion cyst |
Cyst composition / tissue characterization
|
US
CT
MRI
|
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Intraluminal hemorrhage |
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Glioma |
Blood-tumor barrier permeability (BTP) |
MRI
fMRI |
Gonzalez RG
Kwong KK
Sorensen AG
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glioma |
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
MRI fMRI |
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glioma |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
MRI fMRI |
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glioma |
Glucose uptake |
PET |
Fischman A
Kennedy D
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glioma |
Tumor angiogenesis |
MRI
MRS
MRA |
Davis T
Rosen B
Wald LL
Weissleder R
|
Measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glioma |
Tumor margin |
MRI |
Weissleder R |
Via ultra small particulate iron oxide (USPIO)
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Glioma |
Vascular volume fraction |
Optical |
Weissleder |
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
|
| Head and neck neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Alpert N
Choi N
Fischman A |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Head and neck neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Lesion volume |
CT MRI |
Gonzalez R
Lev MH
Schaefer P
Schwamm
Sorensen AG
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Hepatic cysts |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI US |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O'Neill MJ
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium |
Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatic encephalopathy |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| Hepatic encephalopathy |
Glucose |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| Hepatic encephalopathy |
Choline |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| Hepatic encephalopathy |
Lactate |
MRS |
Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P
|
|
Neurological |
| Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Sahani D
|
Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal Endocrine |
| Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal Endocrine |
| Hepatic hemangioma |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI US |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PF
O'Neill MJ
Saini S
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide OR Gd-based chelates |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Lesion detection |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Saini S
Weissleder R
|
Increased SNR and CNR with liver specific contrast agent GD-BOPTA and mangafodipir
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Lesion volume |
US CT MRI |
Harris G
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Vascular architecture |
Multidector CT angiography (MDCTA) |
Hahn P
Mueller PR
Saini S
Sahani D
|
Presurgical treatment planning |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatobiliary disorders |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn P
Harisinghani M
Mueller P
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium
|
Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma |
Liver tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Harisinghani M
Sahani D
|
Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| HIV |
Directed molecular probes |
MRI
PET
Optical
|
Weissleder R |
|
Infectious disease |
| HIV |
Increased Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
fMRI |
Gonzalez RG
Hunter G |
Cerebral injury related to HIV infection
|
Infectious disease |
HIV lipodystrophy syndrome
Diabetes (Type II)
Obesity
|
Intramyocellular lipid levels |
Proton MR spectroscopy |
Torriani M |
|
Endocrine
Infectious disease
Metabolic
Musculoskeletal
|
| Hodgkin's disease |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
MRS |
Jenkins B
Kennedy D
Rosas D
Rosen BR
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Huntington's disease |
Basal ganglia / putamen volume
|
MRI |
Harris G |
|
Neurological |
| Huntington's disease |
Cortical thickness |
fMRI
MRI
morphometry |
Dale A
Fischl B
Harris G
Kennedy D
Rosas D
|
|
Neurological |
| Huntington's disease |
Directed molecular probes |
MRI
PET
Optical
|
Fischman A
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological |
| Huntington's disease |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) |
MRS |
Jenkins BG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Huntington's disease |
Choline : creatine ratio |
MRS |
Jenkins BG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Huntington's disease |
Lactate |
MRS |
Jenkins BG
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Hypertension |
Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) |
Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI |
Hunter G
Rosen B
|
Using Gd-DTPA following L-arginine infusion
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Iliac aneurysm |
Vascular diameter and circumference
|
US CT MRI |
Waltman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
Infectious disease / -empyema -herpes virus -CJD
|
Restricted diffusion |
Diffusion weighted imaging |
Grant E
Schaefer P |
|
Neurological Infectious disease |
| Infectious disease / cerebral malaria |
Diffuse cerebral edema with thalamic +/- cerebellar hypo-attenuation |
CT |
Gonzalez RG |
|
Neurological Infectious disease |
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA)
|
Perianeurysmal fibrosis |
CT |
Brady T Saini S Waltman A |
|
Inflammatory Cardiology / Vascular |
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA)
|
Aneurysmal wall thickness |
CT |
Brady T Saini S Waltman A |
|
Inflammatory Cardiology / Vascular |
| Inflammatory bowl disease (IBD) |
Bowel wall thickening |
MRI |
Hahn P |
Tissue FISP pulse sequence
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory |
| Inflammatory bowl disease (IBD) |
Peri-intestinal inflammation |
MRI |
Hahn P |
Tissue FISP pulse sequence |
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory
|
| Interstitial pulmonary edema |
Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
CT |
McLoud T Shepard J |
|
Inflammatory Cardiology / Vascular Infectious Disease
|
| Intra-abdominal abscess |
Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
US
CT
MRI |
Mueller P |
|
Gastrointestinal Genitourinary Infectious disease
|
Intracranial arterial dissection
|
Anatomic disruption of arterial wall |
CTA
MRA
Angiography
|
Gonzalez
Lev MH
Waltman A |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Ischemic heart disease |
Myocardial blood flow via 13N-ammonia |
Nuclear medicine SPECT
|
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Joint injury / general |
Osteochondral lesions |
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Assesses the stability of lesions
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Joint injury / hip and knee |
Spatial cartilage thickness |
Co-planar MRI |
Palmer WE
Rosenberg AE
Rosenthal DI |
MR using fat-saturated 3D spoiled gradient-echo images (SPGR)
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Joint injury / hip and knee |
Articular cartilage volume |
Co-planar MRI |
Palmer WE
Rosenberg AE
Rosenthal DI |
MR using fat-saturated 3D spoiled gradient-echo images (SPGR)
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Lung neoplasm / non small cell carcinoma |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Choi NC
Fischman AJ
Weissleder R
|
Pilot trial in NSCLC showed good inverse correlation between MR post radiation and outcomes
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lung neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Lesion volume |
CT
MRI |
Hunter GJ |
Anatomic marker of disease presence
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lung neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Mediastinal nodal status |
PET
MRI
CT |
Fischman AJ
McLoud TC
Weissleder R
|
Physiologic imaging with FDG or iron oxide particles in NSCLC
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lymphangio- carcinomatosis |
Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
CT |
McLoud TC
Mueller PR
Shepard J
Weissleder R
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Lymphatic extension of pelvic malignancy (gynecological oncology) |
Abnormal lymphatic uptake of tracer |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Saini S
Weissleder R
|
MR Lymphangio-graphy using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide |
Oncology / Neoplasm Inflammatory |
| Migraine |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Laser speckle contrast imaging Diffuse optical topography
|
Boas D
Bolay
Dunn A
|
|
Neurological |
| Migraine |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging fMRI |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
| Migraine |
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging fMRI |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
| Migraine |
Mean transit time (MTT) |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging fMRI |
Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
| Migraine |
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) |
Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI |
Hadjikhani N
Rosen BR
Sorensen AG
|
Signal changes measured during visual aura |
Neurological |
| Migraine |
Restricted diffusion |
Optical |
Boas D
Dunn A
|
|
Neurological |
| Multiple sclerosis |
Choline / sodium (NA) ratio Creatine / sodium (NA) ratio
|
MRS |
Jenkins B
Gonzalez RG
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Multiple sclerosis |
Comparative brainstem analysis |
MRI |
Jenkins B
Rosen BR
Stufflebeam SM
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Multiple sclerosis |
MS plaque demylination |
MRI |
Jenkins B
Rosen BR
Stufflebeam SM
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Multiple sclerosis |
Decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA)
|
MRS |
Jenkins B
Gonzalez RG |
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Multiple sclerosis |
Thalamic neuronal loss |
MRI
fMRI
MRS
|
Gonzalez RG
Fischl B
Kuperberg G
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Multiple sclerosis |
Tissue characterization |
fMRI
MRI
morphometry |
Fischl B
Kuperberg G |
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Multiple sclerosis |
Cortical thickness |
fMRI MRI morphometry |
Fischl B
Kuperberg G
|
|
Neurological Inflammatory |
| Myocarditis |
Myocardial function contractility |
MRI |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Myocarditis |
Perfusion / diffusion |
MRI |
Brady T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Myocarditis |
Perfusion / diffusion |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Myocarditis |
Myocardial function contractility |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory Infectious disease Endocrine Metabolic
|
| Myopathy |
Soft tissue inflammation |
MRI |
Palmer W Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious Disease Cardiology / Vascular
|
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Anti-tumor antibody |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Apoptosis Caspase-1 Caspase-3 |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Apoptosis Phosphatidylserine |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Cathepsin D |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Change in local tissue density or contrast enhancement |
CT MRI |
Palmer WE
Rosenthal DI |
Mutlicenter Trail with 367 patients - CT and MRI equally reliable for diagnosis
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Directed molecular probes |
MRI
PET
Optical |
Fischman AJ
Hunter GJ
Weissleder R
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
Enzymatic activity |
Optical |
Weissleder R |
Rodent model |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Fluorescent proteins / exogenous |
Macroscopic fluorescence reflective imagine (FRI) Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT)
|
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R |
Green fluorescence proteins (GFPs) Ds Red Hc Red |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Folate receptor |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Glucose transporter |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Human transferrin receptor |
MRI |
Weissleder R |
Receptor binding probe linking transferrin and monocrystalline iron oxide (Tf-MION)
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Local uptake of specific tumor avid radiotracers
|
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 MMP-9 MMP-13
|
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Pharmacokinetics Biodistribution Non-tumor uptake |
SPECT PET MRS |
Fischman AJ Jenkins B |
Additional use for determining in vivo heterogeneity of tumor uptake |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Soft tissue inflammation |
Nuclear medicine MRI |
Fischman AJ
Palmer WE
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Somatostatin receptor |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Targeted Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Tumor angiogenesis |
MRI Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) / monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Bogdanov A
Bremer C
Rosen BR
Weissleder R
|
High resolution MR using long circulating iron oxide contrast agents Rodent model |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Tumor angiogenesis Macromolecular contrast extravasate
|
MRI
SPECT |
Bogdanov A Weissleder R |
Animal model using pegylated DOTA derivatized graft copolymers
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Tumor growth rate |
MRI
SPEC
Dual tracer
NMR |
Bogdanov A
Kwong K
Weissleder R
|
SPECT via uptake of long-circulating dextrin coated iron oxide (LCDIO) Rodent model
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
Neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
Tumor mass |
Optical |
Weissleder R |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Tumoral proteinase |
Optical Near infrared spectroscopy |
Bogdanov A
Mahmood U
Weissleder R
|
Rodent model |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Neurodegenerative disorders |
Apparent diffusion constant (ADC) |
fMRI
MRI / diffusion weighted imaging |
Jenkins BG
Kennedy D
Rosas HD
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Neurodegenerative disorders |
Blood oxygen level depletion |
fMRI
MRI / diffusion weighted imaging |
Jenkins BG
Kennedy D
Rosas HD
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological |
| Obesity |
Body fat composition |
Quantitative CT MRI US |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Gastrointestinal
|
| Obsessive compulsive disorder |
Cortical activation during provoked conditions |
fMRI
PET
SPECT
|
Fischman A
Rauch SL
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological |
Obsessive compulsive disorder
|
Cortical thickness |
MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D |
|
Neurological |
| Obsessive compulsive disorder |
Whole brain morphometry |
MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D
Rosen BR |
Findings include sig. less total white-matter and greater cortex and opercular volumes
|
Neurological |
| Osseous neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal
|
| Osseous neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Osteoblastic activity |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal
|
| Osseous neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Tissue characterization |
CT
MRI
|
Rosenthal DI |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal
|
| Osteoarthritis |
Articular cartilage thickness |
Plain radiographs MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Osteoarthritis |
Cartilage thickness |
Intra-articular Optical coherence topography
|
Palmer WE |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Osteoarthritis |
Fibrillations |
Intra-articular Optical coherence topography
|
Palmer WE |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Osteoarthritis |
Fibrosis |
Intra-articular Optical coherence topography
|
Palmer WE |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Osteoarthritis |
Osteoblastic activity |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Osteoarticular allograft imaging |
Increasing periosteal and endosteal enhancement |
MRI |
Palmer WE
Rosenthal DI
|
3-4 months post allograft / represents vascular ingrowth and early skeletal repair
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Osteomyelitis |
Leukocyte accumulation |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
Radiolabled IL-8 accumulation
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal |
| Osteomyelytis |
Osteoblastic activity |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
Uptake of bone-seeking radio-pharmaceuticals
|
Musculoskeletal Infectious disease |
| Osteopenia |
Bone mineral density |
Plain radiographs Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) CT
|
Rosenthal DI |
Must establish bone strength as well as density
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal |
| Osteoporosis |
Bone mineral density |
Plain radiographs Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) CT
|
Rosenthal DI |
Must establish bone strength as well as density
|
Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal |
| Osteoporosis |
Microarchitecture deterioration |
Digital radiographs 3D microMRI 3D microCT
|
Rosenthal DI |
Fine element modeling (FEM) to predict mechanical properties
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Osteoporosis |
Micro-architecture deterioration |
Digital radiographs 3D microMRI 3D microCT |
Rosenthal DI |
Fine element modeling (FEM) to predict mechanical properties |
Musculoskeletal Metabolic |
| Osteoporosis |
Trabecular pore size |
MRI |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Metabolic
|
| Ovarian neoplasm / presence and viability |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Ovarian neoplasm / presence and viability |
ROC curve analysis of 13 CT radiographic parameters |
CT |
O'Neill MJ |
Predictive model of relative success of surgical cytoreduction
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Pain |
Cortical activity |
fMRI
PET
SPECT
MEG
|
Fischman A
Halgren E
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Stuffelbeam SM
|
|
Neurological Musculoskeletal |
| Pancreatic adrenal carcinoma |
Degree of circumferential vessel involvement |
Multidetector CT angiography (MDCT) / CTA
|
Boland GW
Mueller PR
Saini S
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Pancreatic carcinoma |
18 F-fluorodeoxy-glucose |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
|
| Pancreatic carcinoma |
Vascular involvement |
MRA |
Halpern EF
Saini S
Waltman AC
|
Better predictor than conventional angiography |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Pancreatic carcinoma |
Portal Venous invasion |
MRA |
Halpern EF
Saini S
Waltman AC |
Better predictor than conventional angiography
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Pancreatic function |
Acinar cell receptor binding |
MRI |
Brady TJ
Shen TT
Weissleder R
|
Secretin monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION) |
Endocrine Metabolic Gastrointestinal |
| Pancreatic mass |
Contrast enhanced tissue characterization
|
MRI cholangio -pancreatography |
Prasad S
Sahani D
Saini S
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Pancreatitis |
Chemotactic peptide uptake |
SPECT |
Fischman AJ |
Via 99mTc labeled peptide analog |
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Metabolic Infectious disease Endocrine
|
| Pancreatitis |
Ductal irregularity or obstruction |
MRI |
Prasad S
Sahani D
Saini S
|
Visualized by MR cholanio-pancreatography (MRCP)
|
Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Metabolic Infectious disease Endocrine
|
| Parkinson’s disease |
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
MRI / Arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R |
|
Neurological |
| Parkinson’s disease |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
MRI / Arterial spin labeling
|
Hoge R |
|
Neurological |
| Parkinson’s disease |
Directed molecular probes
|
PET Optical |
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological |
| Parkinson’s disease |
Dopamine transporter (DAT) density |
SPECT (using I-123 altropane) |
Fischman A
Halpern E
Sahani D
|
|
Neurological |
| Parkinson’s disease |
Dopamine binding potential |
SPECT (using I-123 altropane) |
Fischman A
Halpern E
Sahani D
|
|
Neurological |
| Parkinson’s disease |
Dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity |
fMRI
PET |
Fishman A
Livni E
Rosen B
|
Pet using 11C-CRT |
Neurological |
| Parkinson’s disease |
N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels over time |
MRS |
Gonzales RG
Jenkins BG
|
|
Neurological |
| Pigmented villonodular synovitis |
Increased synovial glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Inflammatory Musculoskeletal |
| Pigmented villonodular synovitis |
Periarticular erosion |
Plain radiographs
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Inflammatory Musculoskeletal |
| Pigmented villonodular synovitis |
Synovial thickening |
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Pneumonitis |
Pulmonary consolidation |
CT
MRI
Plain radiographs
|
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| Pneumonitis |
Pulmonary consolidation |
CT
MRI |
McLoud TC Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease Inflammatory |
| Portal vein thrombosis |
Intravascular thrombus |
US
CT
MRI
Angiography
|
Hahn P
Mueller P
O’Neill MJ
Waltman A
|
|
Cardiology / Vascular Gastrointestinal |
| Prostate cancer |
Prostate volume |
US CT MRI |
Hahn PF
Mueller PR
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Prostate cancer |
Prostate-specific antigens (PSA) |
Optical |
Ntziachristos V
Weissleder R
|
Active, stable Fluorochromes |
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Prostate cancer |
Spermine levels |
MRS magic angle spinning |
Cheng LL
Gonzalez RG
|
Proposed endogenous inhibitor of prostate CA growth
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Pulmonary embolism |
Embolism volume |
MRI |
Weissleder R |
Via monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Pulmonary embolism |
Intravascular thrombus
|
CT |
McLoud T |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Pulmonary embolism |
Ventilation / perfusion mismatch
|
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman A |
|
Cardiology / Vascular |
| Pulmonary infection |
Increased pulmonary interstitial markings |
CT |
McLoud TC Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Pulmonary neoplasm |
Permeability surface area product
|
PET MRI |
Fischman AJ
McLoud TC
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Pulmonary neoplasm / presence and viability |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Rectal carcinoma / advanced staging |
Infiltration of tunica muscularis Presence of positive nodes
|
MRI Multidetector CT angiography (MDCT) US |
Hahn P
Saini S
O'Neill MJ
Mueller P
|
|
Gastrointestinal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Rectal carcinoma / recurrent |
Peri-rectal fat involvement |
MRI |
Hahn P
Prasad S
Saini S
|
Predictor of high probability of local recurrence |
Gastrointestinal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Rectal carcinoma / recurrent |
Spiculated lymph node |
MRI |
Hahn P
Prasad S
Saini S
|
Predictor of high probability of local recurrence |
Gastrointestinal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Renal disease |
Decreased regional blood flow |
PET |
Alpert NM
Fischman AJ
|
|
Metabolic Endocrine |
| Renal disease |
Hippuran clearance |
PET |
Alpert NM
Fischman AJ
|
|
Metabolic Endocrine |
Renal neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
US CT MRI |
Mueller PR |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
Renal neoplasm / primary and secondary
|
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Renal neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Lesion volume |
US CT MRI |
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S
|
Anatomic marker of disease presence |
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Respiratory syncytial virus |
Ground-glass appearance |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Respiratory syncytial virus |
Acute bronchial dilatation Wall thickening |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Respiratory syncytial virus |
Opacities |
CT |
McLoud TC
Shepard J
|
|
Infectious disease |
| Rotator cuff injury |
Distribution and leakage of intra-articular administered contrast media
|
MR arthrography |
Palmer WE |
Distinguishes full from partial thickness tears |
Musculoskeletal |
| Sarcoma |
Vascular volume fraction
|
Optical |
Weissleder R |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Schizophrenia |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
PET |
Alpert N
Fischman A
Heckers S
Rauch SL
Schaefer P
|
Regional activation during cognitive paradigms |
Neurological |
| Schizophrenia |
Neural activation of dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum |
PET |
Alpert N
Fischman A
Heckers S
Rauch SL
Schaefer P
|
Regional activation during cognitive paradigms |
Neurological |
| Schizophrenia |
Cortical thickness |
MRI (morphometry) |
Fischl B
Harris G
Kennedy D
Kuperberg G
|
|
Neurological |
| Schizophrenia |
Specific regional uptake, target selection and functional activation |
fMRI |
Kuperberg G
Manoach D
Stufflebeam SM
Rosen B
|
Regional activation during cognitive paradigms |
Neurological |
| Simple renal cysts |
Cyst composition / tissue characterization Soft tissue inflammation
|
US
CT
MRI |
Mueller PR |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary |
| Simple renal cysts |
Soft tissue inflammation |
US
CT
MRI |
Mueller PR |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary
|
| Skeletal muscle injury and repair |
Musculoskeletal blood flow |
PET |
Alpert NM Fischman AJ |
Animal study Use of H2(15)O to study muscle metabolism
|
Musculoskeletal |
| SLAP lesions of the shoulder |
Articular labrum fraying |
MR arthrography |
Bencardino JT
Palmer WE
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| SLAP lesions of the shoulder |
Bicep anchor avulsion |
MR arthrography |
Bencardino JT
Palmer WE
|
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Soft tissue infection |
Leukocyte accumulation |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Soft tissue infection |
Osteoblastic activity |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Soft tissue infection |
Soft tissue inflammation |
MRI Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI
|
|
Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Soft tissue neoplasm / primary and secondary |
Glucose metabolism |
PET |
Fischman AJ |
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal |
| Splenic cysts |
Splenic tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Splenic neoplasm |
Splenic tissue characterization |
MRI |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide |
Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal |
| Splenic trauma |
Splenic tissue characterization |
MRI |
Harisinghani M
Weissleder R
|
Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide
|
Gastrointestinal Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Apparent diffusion constant (ADC) |
Diffusion weighted imaging fMRI MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D
Lo E
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Relative cerebral blood flow index (rCBF) |
Diffusion weighted imaging fMRI MRI (morphometry) |
Kennedy D
Lo E
Rosen B
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE |
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE
|
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Mean transit time (MTT) |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE |
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Flow heterogeneity (FH) |
MRI (combined Arterial spin labeling and Dynamic susceptibility contrast) CAPTIVE |
Harris G
Hoge R
Ostergaard L
Rosen B
Sorensen AG
Wald LL
|
MTT helps to stratify patients in clinical trials MR perfusion territory imaging |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Intravascular thrombus |
CT / CTA MRI / MRA Angiography |
Caviness VS
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Neuronal activation CMRO2 |
Arterial spin labeling MRI O2 15 PET Xenon Enhanced CT
|
Wald LL |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Neuronal activation |
fMRI Diffuse optical topography (Near infrared spectroscopy)
|
Boas D
Mandeville JB
Strangman G
|
NIRS agrees well with fMRI, useful in longitudinal studies |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
CMRO2 |
fMRI Diffuse optical topography (Near infrared spectroscopy)
|
Boas D
Mandeville JB
Strangman G
|
NIRS agrees well with fMRI, useful in longitudinal studies |
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Oxygen consumption |
Optical imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A
Lo E
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke |
Cerebral Blood flow (CBF) |
Optical imaging |
Boas D
Dunn A
Lo E
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke / ischemic |
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) |
CAPTIVE MRI |
Bogdanov A
Jenkins B
Kwong K
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke / ischemic |
Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) |
CAPTIVE MRI |
Bogdanov A
Jenkins B
Kwong K
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke / ischemic |
Water EF |
CAPTIVE MRI |
Bogdanov A
Jenkins B
Kwong K
Weissleder R
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke / ischemic |
Vascular occlusion |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging MRI CT perfusion CTA |
Gonzalez R
Harris G
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke / ischemic |
Ischemic brain tissue |
Diffusion / perfusion weighted imaging MRI CT perfusion CTA |
Gonzalez R
Harris G
Sorensen AG
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Stroke / recovery |
Cortical activation during sensorimotor tasks |
fMRI |
Schaechter J
Rosen BR
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Synovial cell sarcoma |
Cyst composition / tissue characterization |
US CT MRI |
Rosenthal DI |
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Musculoskeletal
|
| Synovial chondromatosis |
Periarticular erosion |
Plain radiographs
MRI
|
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Oncology / Neoplasm |
| Synovial cyst |
Cystic architecture / tissue characterization
|
US CT MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal |
| Thyroid carcinoma |
Cystic nodal metastases |
US |
Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O'Neill MJ
|
|
Oncology / Neoplasm Endocrine |
| Trauma |
Edema / change in signal intensity and apparent diffusion constant
|
MRI Diffusion weighted imaging |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Trauma |
Soft tissue inflammation |
MRI |
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Trauma |
Soft tissue inflammation |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
|
| Trauma |
Soft tissue uptake of radiotracers |
Nuclear medicine |
Fischman AJ |
|
Musculoskeletal Inflammatory |
| Visual process disorders |
Neuronal activation |
fMRI |
Mandeville JB
Rosen B
Tootell RBH
|
|
Neurological |
| Vulnerable plaque |
Atherosclerotic plaque temperature |
Thermography |
Brady T
Lev M
Waltman A
|
|
Neurological Cardiology/ Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Vulnerable plaque |
Macrophage content |
Optical coherence topography |
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Vulnerable plaque |
Fibrous cap thickness |
Optical coherence topography |
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Vulnerable plaque |
Plaque Type |
Optical coherence topography |
Weissleder R |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Vulnerable plaque |
Subendothelial lipid pool |
Optical coherence topography Near infrared spectroscopy
|
Brady T
Muller J |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular |
| Vulnerable plaque |
Targeted mircobubble contrast agents |
Contrast enhanced US |
O'Neill MJ
Waltman A |
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
| Vulnerable plaque |
Thickness and composition of plaque |
Intravascular US IVUS |
Brady T
Lev M
O'Neill NJ
Waltman A
|
|
Neurological Cardiology / Vascular Inflammatory
|
