Center for Biomarkers in Imaging

CATALOG OF BIOMARKERS BY DISEASE*

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| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | V |

Disease / Medical condition Biomarker Imaging Technique Investigators Comments Disease Category

Abscess

Leukocyte accumulation

SPECT

Fischman AJ

Tc-99m HMPAO improvement over Tl-201 and Ga-67

Neurological Inflammatory Musculoskeletal Genitourinary Infectious disease Gastrointestinal

Abscess Restricted diffusion Diffusion weighted imaging Grant E
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P

  Neurological Inflammatory Infectious disease
Acute myocardial infarction

Intravascular thrombus MRI Brady T   Cardiology / Vascular
Adenopathy, lymphoma and metastatic disease

Lesion volume US CT MRI Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S

Anatomic marker of disease presence Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary
Adrenal neoplasm Relative % contrast washout CT Boland GW
Hahn PF
Mueller PR

Differential diagnosis of adrenal masses

Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary
AIDS wasting syndrome Body fat composition CT Rosenthal DI   Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Infectious disease Gastrointestinal

AIDS wasting syndrome / lipodystrophy Increased abdominal visceral fat associated with decreased bone mineral density

Quantitative CT Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) Rosenthal DI   Endocrine Metabolic Musculoskeletal Infectious disease Gastrointestinal

Allergic drug reaction Increased pulmonary interstitial markings CT McLoud TC
Shepard J

  Endocrine Metabolic Inflammatory

Alveolar pulmonary edema Pulmonary consolidation CT MRI McLoud T
Shepard J

  Cardiology / Vascular
Alzheimer's disease Cerebral blood flow Perfusion weighted imaging / Arterial spin labeling

Hoge R   Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Cerebral blood flow (CBF) SPECT fMRI Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG

  Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Cerebral blood volume (CBV) SPECT fMRI Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG

  Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Mean transit time (MTT) SPECT fMRI Harris G
Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG

  Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Directed molecular probes PET SPECT Optical Fischman A Weissleder R Animal modeling Optical with exogenous contrast agents

Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Entorhinal cortex MRI Hyman B Can distinguish normal from mild AD with 93% accuracy

Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Anterior cingulate size and thickness MRI Hyman B Can distinguish normal from mild AD with 93% accuracy

Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Hippocampal size MRI Quantitative volumetric morphometry Dale A
Hyman B
Fischl B
Kennedy D
Accurately indicates absence of disease progression in therapeutic trials - allows markedly reduced subject numbers

Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Myoinositol MRS Gonzalez RG Jenkins B

  Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease N-acetylaspartate (NAA) MRS Gonzalez RG Jenkins B

  Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Neuritic (senile) plaque In vivo multiphoton microscopy Hyman B Can use histochemical or immuno-fluorescence for amyloid B

Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Neuronal injury MRI Gonzalez RG

  Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Oxygen utilization Optical Boas D
Dunn A

Combining of multi-wavelength and laser speckle contrast imaging

Neurological Metabolic
Alzheimer's disease Cerebral blood flow (CBF) Optical Boas D
Dunn A

Combining of multi-wavelength and laser speckle contrast imaging

Neurological Metabolic
Amyloid arthropathy / crystalline disease Periarticular erosion Plain radiographs
MRI
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Inflammatory Metabolic
Ankle injury Ligament tears MR arthrography Palmer WE Predicts sensitivity for ankle impingement syndromes

Musculoskeletal
Anorexia Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) PET Alpert N
Fischman A
Rauch SL

  Neurological
Aortic aneurysm Vascular diameter and circumference

US CT MRI Waltman A   Cardiology / Vascular
Aortic dissection Anatomic disruption of arterial wall US CT MRI Angiography Gonzalez R
Waltman A

  Cardiology / Vascular
Arterial embolism Intravascular thrombus CT
MRI
Angiography

Waltman A   Cardiology / Vascular
Atherosclerosis / central

Arterial calcification CT Brady T   Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
Arteriosclerosis / central Vascular lumen diameter CTA MRA Angiography Gonzalez R
Hunter G
Lev M
Waltman A

  Metabolic Cardiology / Vascular
Arteriosclerosis / peripheral Arterial calcification CT Brady T   Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic

Arteriosclerosis / peripheral Lumen vascular diameter CTA MRA Angiography Gonzalez R
Hunter G
Lev M
Waltman A

  Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
Arthritis Joint space narrowing Plain radiographs Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
Arthritis / inflammatory Articular cartilage thickness Plain radiographs MRI Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
Arthritis / inflammatory Increased synovial glucose metabolism PET Fischman AJ
Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
Arthritis / inflammatory Periarticular erosion Plain radiographs MRI Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
Arthritis / inflammatory Synovial thickening MRI Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
Arthritis / rheumatoid Articular cartilage thickness Plain radiographs MRI Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
Arthritis / septic Cyst composition / tissue characterization PET Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory

Arthritis / septic Increased synovial glucose metabolism MRI Palmer W Rosenthal DI   Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory

Arthritis / septic Periarticular erosion Plain radiographs MRI Palmer W Rosenthal DI   Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory

Arthritis / septic Synovial thickening Plain radiographs MRI Palmer W Rosenthal DI   Infectious disease Musculoskeletal Inflammatory

Asphyxia Altered vascular and tissue permeability

CT Gonzalez RG Grant E   Neurological
Asphyxia Early diffusion changes Diffusion weighted imaging Grant E
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG

  Neurological
Asphyxia Lactate : choline ratio

MRS Jenkins B   Neurological
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ACCD activation (anterior cingulate cortex division) fMRI PET Bush G
Fischman A
Rosen B

  Neurological
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Cortical thickness and asymmetry MRI (morphometry) Kennedy D   Neurological
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Dopamine transporter density SPECT Fischman A
Rauch SL
  Neurological
Autism Frontal language area MRI Caviness VS
Harris G
Kennedy D
Reversal of morphometric asymmetry in frontal language area

Neurological
Autism Frontal language area fMRI Harris G Abnormal fMRI activation of frontal language areas during semantic language tasks

Neurological
Aveolar bronchial cell carcinoma Pulmonary consolidation CT MRI McLoud TC Shepard J

  Oncology / Neoplasm
Benign prostatic hypertrophy Prostate volume US CT MRI Hahn PF
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ

  Oncology / Neoplasm Genitourinary
Biliary obstruction Biliary ductal dilatation US CT MRI Hahn P
Mueller P

  Gastrointestinal
Biliary parasitic disease Biliary ductal dilatation US CT MRI Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ

  Gastrointestinal Infectious disease
Biliary stricture MR cholangio-pancreatography MRI Prasad S
Sahani D

  Gastrointestinal
Bone fracture Cortical surface disruption Plain radiographs Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal
Bone fracture Negative defect Plain radiographs Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal
Bone fracture Marrow edema MRI -T1 Diffusion weighted imaging / Apparent diffusion constant Palmer WE Impact fractures demonstrate prominent edema, distraction fractures exhibit minimal edema

Musculoskeletal
Bone fracture Water content MRI -T1 Diffusion weighted imaging / Apparent diffusion constant Palmer WE Impact fractures demonstrate prominent edema, distraction fractures exhibit minimal edema

Musculoskeletal
Bone fracture / healing Osseous bridging Plain radiographs
MRI
CT

Palmer W
Rosenthal DI

  Musculoskeletal Metabolic
Bone fracture / healing Osteoblastic activity Nuclear medicine Fischman AJ   Musculoskeletal Metabolic

Bone fracture / healing and distraction osteogenesis wounds Bone fill score and penetration depth US O'Neill MJ Animal study Bone healing assessed by increased fill and decreased penetration depth

Musculoskeletal Metabolic
Brain development Oxygen consumption Optical Imaging Boas D
Dunn A

Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) Neurological Metabolic
Brain development Cerebral blood flow (CBF) Optical Imaging Boas D
Dunn A

Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) Neurological Metabolic
Brain development / -anencephaly -microcephaly -holoprosencephaly Cortical thickness, volume and location MRI morphometry fMRI Caviness VS
Dale A
Fischl B
Kennedy D

  Neurological
Brain function Cerebral blood flow (CBF ) MRI fMRI PET Belliveau
Kwong K
Rosen BR

Response to stimuli Neurological Metabolic
Brain function / neuronal content N-acetylaspartate (NAA) Images MRI chemical shift Echo-planar imaging (EPI) Gonzalez RG
Jenkins B
Rosen B

  Neurological Metabolic
Brain function / drugs of abuse Cerebral blood volume (CBV) fMRI Jenkins B
Kosofsky B
Mandeville JB
Rosen B

Response to stimuli Neurological Metabolic
Brain function / drugs of abuse rCMRO2 fMRI Jenkins B
Kosofsky B
Mandeville JB
Rosen B

Response to stimuli Neurological Metabolic
Brain function / mapping - dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity

Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) Pharmacologic MRI PET fMRI Bogdanov M
Chen YC
Jenkins B
Rosen B

Using D-amphetamine and CFT Neurological Metabolic
Brain function / mapping - dopaminergic neurotransmitter activity

Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) Pharmacologic MRI PET fMRI Bogdanov M
Chen YC
Jenkins B
Rosen B

Using D-amphetamine and CFT Neurological Metabolic
Brain injury Restricted water mobility Diffusion weighted imaging Apparent diffusion constant Huisman TA
Gonzalez RG
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG

Cytotoxic edema, vasogenic edema and diffuse axonal injury Neurological
Brain injury / toxicity and trauma Focal atrophy MRI Caviness VS
Kennedy D

  Neurological
Breast neoplasm Glucose metabolism PET Alpert NM
Choi NC
Fischman AJ

  Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Microcalcifications Raman Spectroscopy Feld MS (MIT) Differential diagnosis of benign from malignant microcalcifications

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Microvascular blood volume US O'Neill MJ Microbubble contrast agents

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Microvascular density US O'Neill MJ Microbubble contrast agents

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Angiogenesis US O'Neill MJ Microbubble contrast agents

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Presence of contralateral synchronous cancers MRI Kopans DB 4 of 17 patients (24%) had contralateral cancer occult to physical exam, mammography and US

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Regional blood flow and blood volume MRI Kopans DB Magnetic susceptibility-based contrast agent OR GD-DTPA with dynamic echo planar imaging

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Microvessel density (MVD) MRI Kopans DB Magnetic susceptibility-based contrast agent OR GD-DTPA with dynamic echo planar imaging

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Tumor associated enzymatic activity Optical Near infrared spectroscopy Bremer C
Bogdanov A
Weissleder R

Expression levels of cathepsin-B activity in animal models of breast cancer

Oncology / Neoplasm
Breast neoplasm Tumor volume MRI Harris G

  Oncology / Neoplasm
Calculus disease MR cholangio- pancreatography MRI Sahani D
Prasad S

  Endocrine Gastrointestinal
Carotid dissection Anatomic disruption of arterial wall US CT / CTA MRI / MRA Angiography Gonzalez R
Waltman A

  Neurological Cardiology / Vascular
Cartilage abnormalities Articular cartilage and subchondral bone thickness

MRI Palmer WE MR using fat-suppressed SPGR images Musculoskeletal
Cerebral malaria Diffuse cerebral edema with thalamic +/- cerebellar hypo-attenuation

CT Gonzalez RG   Neurological Infectious disease
Cholangio-carcinoma Liver tissue characterization MRI Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Sahani D

Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA

Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Cholangitis Biliary ductal dilatation MRI Prasad S
Sahani D
MR cholangio-pancreatography Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory

Cholangitis Ductal dilatation MRI Prasad S
Sahani D
MR cholangio- pancreatography Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory

Cholecystitis Gallstones US CT MRI Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ

  Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious disease Gastrointestinal

Cholecystitis Gallbladder wall thickening US CT MRI Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ

  Endocrine Inflammatory Infectious disease Gastrointestinal

Choledo-cholithiasis Biliary ductal dilatation US CT MRI Hahn PF
O'Neill MJ
Mueller P

  Endocrine Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Metabolic

Cholelithiasis Gallstones US CT MRI Hahn P
Mueller P
O'Neill MJ

  Endocrine Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Metabolic

Cirrhosis Caudate lobe enlargement MRI CT Hahn PF
Sahani D
Discrimination of alcohol from virus-induced cirrhosis Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory

Cirrhosis Right posterior hepatic notch MRI CT Hahn PF
Sahani D
Discrimination of alcohol from virus-induced cirrhosis

Gastrointestinal Infectious disease Inflammatory
CNS AIDS / fungal and opportunistic infections

Focal brain uptake PET SPECT Fischman A   Neurological
CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration N-acetylaspartate (NAA) MRS Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH

  Neurological
CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration Choline MRS Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH

  Neurological
CNS AIDS / neuroinflammation neurodegeneration Myoinositol (MI) MRS Gonzalez R
Schaefer P
Schwamm LH

  Neurological
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary Microvascular blood volume and microvascular density fMRI MRI Belliveau
Kennedy
Rosen BR

  Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary N-acetylaspartate (NAA) MRS Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG

Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary Choline MRS Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG

Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary Lactate MRS Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG

Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary Phosphocreatine MRS Gonzalez R
Husiman TA
Sorensen AG

Metabolism, tumor viability and response to therapy Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary Tumor angiogenesis MRI MRS MRA Davis T
Rosen B
Wald LL
Weissleder R

Measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)

Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability Glucose metabolism PET Alpert N
Choi N
Fischman A
Kennedy D
Rosen B

Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary Lesion volume CT
MRI
morphometry
Gonzalez R
Harris G
Kennedy D
Lev
Schaefer P
Sorensen AG

Anatomic marker of disease presence Response to therapy Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary Tumor growth rate MRI Bogdanov A Weissleder R Serial studies of tumor volume using uptake of long-circulating dextrin coated iron oxide (LCDIO) Rodent model

Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability

Oxygen consumption Optical Boas D
Dunn A
Diffuse Optical imagine (DOI) Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) Optical Boas D
Dunn A
Diffuse optical imagine (DOI) Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS neoplasm / primary and secondary, presence and viability

Targeted cellular and molecular probes Optical MRI PET Kwong KK Weissleder R Exogenous contrast agents Animal models Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
CNS Neoplasm / schwannoma and neurofibromatosis Tumor growth rate MRI Tang Y Weissleder R Transgenic murine models of neurofibromatosis

Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Colorectal carcinoma 99mTc labeled monoclonal antibody SPECT Fischman AJ Phase III clinical trial with HumaSPECT-Tc

Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Connective tissue disorders Increased pulmonary interstitial markings

CT McLoud TC Shepard J   Inflammatory
Coronary artery disease Arterial calcification CT Brady T   Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic

Coronary artery disease Myocardial blood flow via 13N-ammonia

Nuclear medicine SPECT Fischman A   Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
Coronary artery disease Myocardial contractility / function MRI Nuclear Medicine Brady T
Fischman A

  Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic
Coronary artery disease Myocardial perfusion Nuclear medicine Fischman A   Cardiology / Vascular Metabolic

Crohn's disease Bowel wall differentiation MR enteroclysis Hahn P Use of experimental oral contrast Kaolin, locus bean gum, methylcellulose + Barium

Gastrointestinal Inflammatory
Crohn's disease Inflammation MR enteroclysis Hahn P Use of experimental oral contrast Kaolin, locus bean gum, methylcellulose + Barium

Gastrointestinal Inflammatory
Deep venous thrombosis Intravascular thrombus US MRI Angiography O’Neill MJ
Waltman A

  Cardiology / Vascular
Dementia Blood oxygen level depletion (BOLD)

fMRI Rosen B   Neurological
Dementia Cerebral blood flow (CBF) MRI / arterial spin labeling

Hoge R   Neurological
Diabetes Directed molecular probes for beta cell mass MRI Moore A
Bogdanov AJ
Weissleder R

  Metabolic Endocrine
Dissection / peripheral Vascular lumen diameter CT
MRI
Angiography

Waltman A   Cardiology / Vascular
Dyskinesia (PNKD) Dopa decarboxylase activity PET Fischman A   Neurological Musculoskeletal

Elbow injury / collateral ligament Partial thickness and full thickness tears MR arthrography Palmer WE Distinguishes thickness of tears

Musculoskeletal
Encephalitis / west nile virus Thalamus and substantia nigra hyperintensities MRI Gonzalez RG Sorensen AG Disease confirmation and progression monitoring

Neurological Infectious disease Inflammatory
Epilepsy Cortical dysplasia MRI / MEG fMRI Dale A
Grant E
Mandeville J
Rosen B
Stufflebeam SM
Wald LL

  Neurological
Epilepsy Hyperperfusion MRI / arterial spin labeling

Hoge R
Kwong KK
  Neurological
Epilepsy Cerebral blood flow (CBF) MRI / arterial spin labeling Hoge R
Kwong KK

  Neurological
Epilepsy N-acetylaspartate (NAA) lateralization

MRS Jenkins BG   Neurological
Epilepsy Seizure focus MEG / EEG Halgren E
Stufflebeam SM

  Neurological
Fibrocystic change Cyst composition / tissue characterization

US
CT
MRI

Kopans DB   Oncology / Neoplasm
Ganglion cyst Cyst composition / tissue characterization

US
CT
MRI

Rosenthal DI   Musculoskeletal Inflammatory
Gastrointestinal bleeding Intraluminal hemorrhage SPECT Fischman AJ   Gastrointestinal
Glioma Blood-tumor barrier permeability (BTP) MRI
fMRI
Gonzalez RG
Kwong KK
Sorensen AG
Weissleder R

  Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Glioma Cerebral blood volume (CBV) MRI fMRI Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
Rosen B

  Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Glioma Cerebral blood flow (CBF) MRI fMRI Gonzalez RG
Sorensen AG
Rosen B

  Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Glioma Glucose uptake PET Fischman A
Kennedy D
Rosen B

  Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Glioma Tumor angiogenesis MRI
MRS
MRA
Davis T
Rosen B
Wald LL
Weissleder R

Measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MION)

Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Glioma Tumor margin MRI Weissleder R Via ultra small particulate iron oxide (USPIO)

Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Glioma Vascular volume fraction Optical Weissleder   Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm

Head and neck neoplasm / primary and secondary Glucose metabolism PET Alpert N
Choi N
Fischman A
Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications

Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Head and neck neoplasm / primary and secondary Lesion volume CT MRI Gonzalez R
Lev MH
Schaefer P
Schwamm
Sorensen AG

Anatomic marker of disease presence Neurological Oncology / Neoplasm
Hepatic cysts Liver tissue characterization MRI US Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
O'Neill MJ
Weissleder R

Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium Gastrointestinal
Hepatic encephalopathy N-acetylaspartate (NAA) MRS Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P

  Neurological
Hepatic encephalopathy Glucose MRS Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P

  Neurological
Hepatic encephalopathy Choline MRS Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P

  Neurological
Hepatic encephalopathy Lactate MRS Grant E
Jenkins BG
Schaefer P

  Neurological
Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia Liver tissue characterization MRI Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Sahani D

Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal Endocrine
Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia Liver tissue characterization MRI Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R

Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium

Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal Endocrine
Hepatic hemangioma Liver tissue characterization MRI US Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PF
O'Neill MJ
Saini S
Weissleder R

Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide OR Gd-based chelates Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary Glucose metabolism PET Fischman AJ Non-specific marker with wide variety of applications

Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary Lesion detection MRI Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Saini S
Weissleder R

Increased SNR and CNR with liver specific contrast agent GD-BOPTA and mangafodipir

Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary Lesion volume US CT MRI Harris G
Mueller PR
O’Neill MJ
Saini S

Anatomic marker of disease presence Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Hepatic neoplasm / primary and secondary Vascular architecture Multidector CT angiography (MDCTA) Hahn P
Mueller PR
Saini S
Sahani D

Presurgical treatment planning Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Hepatobiliary disorders Liver tissue characterization MRI Hahn P
Harisinghani M
Mueller P
Weissleder R

Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium

Gastrointestinal
Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver tissue characterization MRI Hahn PF
Harisinghani M
Mueller PR
Weissleder R

Using ultrasmall superpara-magnetic iron oxide, mangafodipir trisodium

Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver tissue characterization MRI Hahn PF
Halpern EF
Harisinghani M
Sahani D

Using combined ferrumoxide / Gd-DPTA Oncology / Neoplasm Gastrointestinal
HIV Directed molecular probes MRI
PET
Optical

Weissleder R   Infectious disease
HIV Increased Cerebral blood volume (CBV) fMRI Gonzalez RG
Hunter G
Cerebral injury related to HIV infection

Infectious disease
HIV lipodystrophy syndrome
Diabetes (Type II)
Obesity

Intramyocellular lipid levels Proton MR spectroscopy Torriani M
Endocrine
Infectious disease
Metabolic
Musculoskeletal
Hodgkin's disease N-acetylaspartate (NAA) MRS Jenkins B
Kennedy D
Rosas D
Rosen BR